There are many specifications for ATF, such as the General Motors (GM) DEXRON and the Ford MERCON series, and the vehicle manufacturer will identify the ATF specification appropriate for each vehicle. In many countries, Ford have said that the modern Dex3 fluid is fine for the same transmissions that they say require the older standard. It would be required for Ford, BorgWarner to prove that their transmissions are somehow harmed by friction modifiers. Note that the friction modifier only means that the fluid sticks to the surface of the metal a little more strongly, and therefore only helps to prevent early wear. According to the same oil distributor, the M2C-33 G specification requires fluids which provide improved shear resistance and oxidation protection, better low-temperature fluidity, better EP (extreme pressure) properties and additional seal tests over and above M2C-33 F quality fluids. All ATFs contain friction modifiers, except for those ATFs specified for some Ford transmissions and the John Deere J-21A specification the Ford ESP (or ESW) - M2C-33 F specification Type F ATF ( Ford-O-Matic) and Ford ESP (or ESW) - M2C-33 G specification Type G ATF (1980s Ford Europe and Japan) specifically excludes the addition of friction modifiers. Most ATFs contain some combination of additives that improve lubricating qualities, such as anti-wear additives, rust and corrosion inhibitors, detergents, dispersants and surfactants (which protect and clean metal surfaces) kinematic viscosity and viscosity index improvers and modifiers, seal swell additives and agents (which extend the rotational speed range and temperature range of the additives' application) anti-foam additives and anti-oxidation compounds to inhibit oxidation and "boil-off" (which extends the life of the additives' application) cold-flow improvers, high-temperature thickeners, gasket conditioners, pour point depressant and petroleum dye. Modern ATF consists of a base oil plus an additive package containing a wide variety of chemical compounds intended to provide the required properties of a particular ATF specification. The fluid is optimized for the special requirements of a transmission, such as valve operation, brake band friction, and the torque converter, as well as gear lubrication.ĪTF is also used as a hydraulic fluid in some power steering systems, as a lubricant in some 4WD transfer cases, and in some modern manual transmissions. It is typically coloured red or green to distinguish it from motor oil and other fluids in the vehicle. Automatic transmission fluid ( ATF) is a type of hydraulic fluid used in vehicles with automatic transmissions.
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